In electrical wiring, what does "voltage drop" refer to?

Voltage drop specifically refers to the reduction in voltage that occurs as electrical current travels through the wiring of a circuit from the source (like a power supply) to the load (like a light fixture or appliance). This phenomenon is influenced by several factors, including the resistance of the wires, the length of the runs, and the amount of current being drawn by the load.

When current flows through a conductor, some energy is lost as heat due to the resistance of the wire, leading to a lower voltage at the load compared to the source. This can be significant in long runs or in circuits with high current loads, and understanding this concept is crucial for ensuring that devices receive adequate voltage to operate properly.

Recognizing that voltage drop is a normal occurrence in electrical systems helps electricians design circuits more effectively, ensuring that the voltage at the load remains within acceptable limits for safe and efficient operation of electrical devices.