The current that flows due to a short-circuit condition is termed what?

The term used for the current that flows as a result of a short-circuit condition is fault current. This event occurs when there is an unintended low-resistance connection between two conductors, which allows a large amount of current to flow. This current is significantly higher than the normal operating current due to the reduced impedance in the circuit.

Understanding fault current is crucial for electrical safety and system protection. It is necessary to design circuits and protective devices, such as circuit breakers and fuses, to handle fault currents safely without causing excessive damage or hazards. Recognizing the differences between fault current and other types of currents, like normal or overload currents, is fundamental in electrical engineering since they inform the protection strategies used in electrical systems.